Most water marks are limescale: minerals dissolved in Sydney tap water are left behind once the water evaporates, slowly building into a cloudy film around taps, vases and sinks.
On marble there is a second cause worth ruling out. If water sat for a while, especially if it was even mildly acidic, it can leave a genuine etch underneath the deposit. Wiping the limescale away sometimes reveals a dull patch that does not buff back out.

